@2024 Afarand., IRAN

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ISSN: 2252-0805    The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(4):345-351

Background
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased due to the changes of diet culture and traditional life style to industrial ones [1].
Previous Studies
… [2-6]. It was reported that the extract of dill leaf which is extracted from water, diethyl or Atylastat can reduce total triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL in the rats whose blood cholesterol have increased by lipid-rich food [7]… [8-9].
Aim(s)
The aim of current research was to study and compare the effect of six-week swimming training, hydro-alcoholic dill extract use and their combination on the lipid profile in male rats with diabetes.
Research type
This is an experimental study.
Research society, place and time
Sprague-Dawley matured male rats that have been propagated in animal breeding center at Fars Islamic Azad University of Science and Research were used.
Sampling method and number
The rats were transferred to the animal room in the laboratory center of Fars Islamic Azad University of Science and Research with a temperature of 22±2°C and controlled lightening (12 hours of darkness/ 12 hours of light) and started an eight-day adaptability period in that they had free access to food and water. On the eighth day after one night fasting, 48 rats with blood glucose higher than 300 mg per dL and weight range of 150-200 g were selected randomly.
Used devices&materials
Experimental interventions including training program and hydro-alcoholic dill extract use (100 mg for each kg of body weight), started one week after induction of diabetes and rats’ maintenance. They randomly divided into 4 groups (each group included 12 rats) of swimming training, hydro-alcoholic dill extract use, combination of swimming training and hydro-alcoholic dill extract use and control. Swimming training protocol was included six-week swimming in water at 25-30°C temperature for 30 minutes per session, five times a week; and after the training, the rats were dried by a hairdryer. The research lasted for six weeks and after that the blood samples were collected to measure the purposive variables. In order to prepare the extract in the university laboratory of Plant Physiology, dried dill plant was ground by powder machine; afterward the needed amount was weighed and then was soaked two times in ethanol with different percentages and after smoothened, the obtained alcoholic extract was concentrated in vacuum by distiller and lipids and proteins were decanted into chloroform to remove chlorophyll. The obtained water was dried in a suitable conditions. The certain amount of dried extract was soluted in saline and finally a solution with a specific concentration was prepared for intraperitoneal injection. It should be noted that at the end of the research, there was a decline in the groups of control and hydro-alcoholic dill extract use as 3 and 5 rats respectively. Before blood sampling, subjects were kept fasting for 16 hours. After blood sampling, 5 ml was poured in Falcon tubes (in order to measure lipid profile). The blood samples without EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetate were kept for 40 minutes at laboratory temperature, and then in order to afford serum, they were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. The lipid profile was measured by enzymatic method using biochemistry commercial kits (Yasateb; Iran). At the end of the sixth week, 24 hours after the last session, the rats were killed in order to measure the research’s parameters and evaluate the biological changes caused by the swimming trainings and hydro-alcoholic dill extract. The collected findings was analyzed by SPSS software version 21. Kolmogorov-Simonov test was used to evaluate the normality of data distribution; dependent T test was used to compare the mean weight of the rats in different groups before and after intervention; one-way ANOVA was used to compare the lipid profile in different groups; and Tukey post hoc test was used to compare the lipid profile in each groups with other ones.
Findings by Text
The mean weight of the rats in different groups before and after intervention had not a significant statistical difference (P>0.05). Six-week hydro-alcoholic extract use, swimming training and combination of both, had a significant effect on reduction of LDL levels, VLDL (very low density of lipoproteins), Triglyceride and total cholesterol and increase of HDL levels in the mentioned groups in comparison with control group (P=0.001). The combination of swimming training and hydro-alcoholic dill extract use, comparing to only hydro-alcoholic dill extract use, was more effective on reducing LDL (P=0.008) and total cholesterol (P=0.01) in the rats with diabetes. Also, to compare only hydro-alcoholic dill extract use (P=0.001) and only swimming training (P=0.01) with combination group, it had more effect on increasing HDL in the rats with diabetes (Table1).
Main comparison to the similar studies
As you can see, the results of current study is mostly the same as the results of reported studies such as the study conducted by Abbasi Oshaghi et al. [5], Yousefvand and Soltani [12], Ahmadi Mahmood abadi [14] and Piri et al. [15] that is due to the same usage dose, the same duration of supplementation and the type of subjects (rats with diabetes)… [10-11, 13, 16-25].
Suggestions
It is suggested that future studies investigate the effect of swimming training with different protocols such as overload and hydro-alcoholic dill extract use with different doses, on the lipid profile in rats with diabetes.
Limitations
Of the limitation of this study lack of overloaded training by attaching weight plates to rats tail or the velocity of water and then measuring the amount of calorie they burn during the swimming can be mentioned.
Conclusions
The six-week swimming training, hydro-alcoholic dill extract use and their combination were effective on improving the lipid profile in the rats with diabetes.
Acknowledgments
We appreciate Research Deputy of Yasouj Islamic Azad University and Laboratory of Physical Education of Fars Islamic Azad University of Science and Research for their spiritual helps.
Conflict of interest
Non-declared
Ethical Permissions
The research protocol was set and approved by the University’s Ethics Committee based on international principles about protection the laboratory animals.
Funding Sources
The study is an MA thesis belongs to Mahboobeh Askari approved by Yasouj Islamic Azad University with the guidance of Dr. Ali Hosseini.

TABLES and CHARTS

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