ARTICLE INFO

Article Type

Original Research

Authors

Borzoei   A. (*)
Sohrabi   Sh. (1)






(*) Nutrition Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
(1) Social Health Office, Tehran Municipal, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence

Address: DAZCo Office, Unit 10, 5th Floor, No. 54, 16 Azar Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, Iran
Phone: +982188996659
Fax: +982166978677
s_borzoie@yahoo.com

Article History

Received:  October  19, 2014
Accepted:  June 24, 2015
ePublished:  September 20, 2015

BRIEF TEXT


… [1-3] Diet control and diet intervention are resulted in a balanced energy intake and weight management [4]. Weight loss in dairy product consumers is twice as those who do not use diary in their diet [5]. … [6] There is a significant negative correlation between the consumption of high fiber foods such as fruits and vegetables and body mass index [7].

A diet of cereals as one of the main meals for two weeks followed by volumetric weight loss diet for four weeks has a significant effect on reducing weight compared to those who do not follow the diet or follow one of the two ways during the 6 weeks [6]. So far, no study has studied the effect of using breakfast cereals on reducing weight. … [8, 9]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of weight loss using breakfast cereal diet.

This is an interventional study.

People referred to the health center of Tehran Municipality (Iran) were studied in 2012.

120 obese and overweight patients were selected by simple random sampling.

Using matched-group design, patients were assigned in two groups including experimental (diet including breakfast cereals) and control group (diet without breakfast cereal). The number of samples was calculated as at least 98 subjects based on Cochran formula. Inclusion criteria included: having the age 18 to 50 years, body mass index between 30 and 35kg/m², weight stability (no change in weight at least 3 months prior to study), having physical and mental health and not taking any medication, lack of daily physical activity, having regular dietary habits (having 3 daily meals) and having lactose tolerance. Demographic data including gender, age, smoking history, medical history, drug use history and physical activity were collected using a questionnaire through interview. Participants' weight was measured using a digital scale with precision 100 grams (SECA, Germany) while the participants had minimum clothing and no shoes [10]. Height in standing position and shoulders in normal position and without having shoes, were measured using a tape measure. Waist circumference at the narrowest part and hip circumference in the thickest area were measured using non-elastic tape measure with the precision 0.1cm without any pressure on the body while participant had light clothes. For all persons with respect to their weight and height, -500 calorie diet was prescribed. For the experimental group, 30 to 45 grams of cereals (Penguin, Iran) along with one cup of milk was administrated instead of breakfast and dinner, while the control group had their usual diet. The study population was weighted before and after the study and their height was measured. After 14 days of diet under the supervision of nutrition experts, all participants were weighed again. Once collected, the data were entered in to SPSS 16 statistical software and descriptive statistics as well as Independent T-test and Man-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data.

The mean age was 34.8 ± 8.1years in the experimental group, and it was 32.9 ± 6.7years in the control group. The mean height was 164.4 ± 18.7cm in experimental group, and it was163.2 ± 15.5cm in the control group. No significant difference was observed between two groups before intervention in body mass index, weight, and waist and hip circumferences. The mean weight before the intervention was 87.6± 11.3kg in the experimental group and 88.2 ± 10.8 kg in control group that it was decreased in both groups after the intervention. This reduction was significant in the experimental group, and it was not significant in control group (Table 1). The mean body mass index in the experimental group was 1.2 ±0.1, and it was 0.4 ±0.1 in the control group and this difference was significant. The mean weight loss was 3.1 ±0.2 in the experimental group, and it was 0.9 ± 0 in the control group and the difference between these means was significant. Mean waist circumference reduction in the experimental group was 0.6 ± 0.1, and it was 0.4 ±0.1 in the control group that the mean difference between the two groups was non-significant. Mean hip circumference reduction was 0.7 ± 0.1 in the experimental group and it was 0.6 ± 0.1in the control group and this difference was not significant.

Weight and Body Mass Index were significantly reduced after two weeks in the group of those taking cereal breakfast, but the waist and hip circumferences did not significantly change. The correlation between the fiber intake and obesity has been shown [11-18]. Reduction of 2kg of weight has been reported in 22 consumers of cereals for breakfast and another main meal over a period of 14 days [19] that is in line with the results of the current study [19]. In a year study of weight loss in 74 people who were using cereal breakfast as a meal replacement, a significant decrease was reported in their body weight compared to those who had not used these cereals [20]. In a long-term study, decline in the relative weight of female breakfast cereal consumers, has been reported more than those of female breakfast cereal consumers [21]. Those taking breakfast cereals have shown greater weight loss during 6 weeks compared to those with normal diet [22].

Breakfast cereal should be used as a snack in the diet.

Lack of possibility to accurately monitor and ensure the accurate and regular intake of food and lack of other effective activities such as sport activities along with diet were the limitations of this study.

Consumption of breakfast cereals is effective on losing weight in obese people without side effects.

The participants and Penguin Company are appreciated.

There was no conflict of interest resulting from the financial support in this study.

All participants were participated in the study as informed consent.

This study has been supported by Health Center of Tehran Municipality.

TABLES and CHARTS

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